Traffic dynamics: studies in car following
Robert E. Chandler, et al., Operations Research 1958
- Theory of following the leader
- Proportionate control
- Response lag
- Constant spacing
- California code:
“A good rule for following another vehicle at a safe distance is to allow yourself the length of a car (about fifteen feet) for every ten miles per hour you are traveling”
where is the standard distance between vehicles at rest, is the length of the th vehicle, and is the time constant inferred by the California Code - Propagation of a perturbation
- Velocity-dependent sensitivity
- Emergency control
Congested traffic states in empirical observations and microscopic simulations
Martin Treiber, et al., Phycisal Review E, 2000 tags:#vehicle_simulation
Parameters
| Parameter | Typical value |
|---|---|
| Desired velocity | 120 km/h |
| Safe time headway | 1.6 s |
| Maximum acceleration | 0.73 m/s^2 |
| Desired deceleration | 1.67 m/s^2 |
| Acceleration exponent | 4 |
| Jam distance | 2 m |
| Jam distance | 0 m |
| Vehicle leght | 5 m |